Monday, August 24, 2020
Ari no mama de - The Japanese version of Let It Go
Ari no mother de - The Japanese variant of Let It Go The film Frozen is titled as ã‚ ¢Ã£Æ'šã ¨Ã©â€º ªÃ£ ®Ã¥ ¥ ³Ã§Å¾â€¹ (Anna and the Snow Queen) for the Japanese market, and it has become the third smash hit film ever in Japan since its March 14 debut. Japan’s most elevated netting film is as of now Hayao Miyazaki’s energized great â€Å"Spirited Away,†and â€Å"Titanic,†wins second spot. The melody Let It Go won the Academy Award for Best Original Song. Other than the first English rendition, it is named into another 42 dialects and vernaculars around the world. Here is the Japanese adaptation of Let It Go which converts into Ari no mom de (As I am). Romaji Translation Ari no mom de Furihajimeta yuki wa ashiato keshite Masshirona sekai ni hitori no watashi Kaze ga kokoro ni sasayakuno Konomama ja woman dandato Tomadoi kizutsuki darenimo uchiakezuni Nayandeta soremo mou Yameyou Arino mom no sugata o miseru noyo Arino mom no jibun ni naruno Nanimo kowakunai Kazeyo fuke Sukoshimo samuku nai wa Nayandeta koto ga uso mitai de Datte mou jiyuu yo nandemo dekiru Dokomade yareruka jibun o tameshitai no Sou yo kawaru no yo Watashi Arino mom de sora e kaze ni notte Arino mom de tobidashite miru no Nido to namida wa nagasanai wa Tsumetaku daichi o tsutsumi komi Takaku maiagaru omoi egaite Hanasaku koori no kesshou no you ni Kagayaite itai mou kimeta no Kore de ii no jibun o suki ni natte Kore de ii no jibun o shinjite Hikari abinagara arukidasou Sukoshi mo samuku nai wa Japanese Version 㠂゚㠮㠾㠾ã § é™ ã‚šå §â€¹Ã£â€š ã ÿé› ªÃ£ ¯Ã¨ ¶ ³Ã£ ‚㠨æ ¶Ë†Ã£ â€"ã ¦ çÅ"ÿ㠣ç™ ½Ã£ ªÃ¤ ¸â€"ç•Å"㠫ä ¸â‚¬Ã¤ º ºÃ£ ®Ã§ § é ¢ ¨Ã£ Å"Ã¥ ¿Æ'㠫ã •ã •ã‚„ã ã ® ã 㠮㠾㠾ã ˜ã‚Æ'ãÆ'ۋÆ' ¡Ã£ ã‚ã ã ¨ æˆ ¸Ã¦Æ''ã „å‚ ·Ã£ ¤Ã£ è ª °Ã£ «Ã£â€šâ€šÃ¦â€°Ã£ ¡Ã¦ËœÅ¾Ã£ 'ã šã « æ‚ ©Ã£â€šÃ£ §Ã£ ÿã ã‚Å"もも㠆や゠よ㠆㠂゚㠮㠾㠾㠮å § ¿Ã¨ ¦â€¹Ã£ ›ã‚‹ã ®Ã£â€šË† 㠂゚㠮㠾㠾㠮è‡ ªÃ¥Ë†â€ 㠫㠪ã‚‹ã ® ä ½â€¢Ã£â€šâ€šÃ¦â‚¬â€"ã 㠪ã „ é ¢ ¨Ã£â€šË†Ã¥ ¹Ã£ ' Ã¥ °'ã â€"ã‚‚å ¯'ã 㠪ã „ã‚ æ‚ ©Ã£â€šÃ£ §Ã£ ÿã 㠨ã Å"嘘㠿ã ÿã „ã § ã 㠣㠦ã‚‚ã †è‡ ªÃ§ ±Ã£â€šË†Ã£ ªÃ£â€šÃ£ §Ã£â€šâ€šÃ£ §Ã£ ã‚‹ 㠩ã 㠾㠧ã‚„ã‚Å"ã‚‹ã ‹è‡ ªÃ¥Ë†â€ ã‚'è © ¦Ã£ â€"ã ÿã „ã ® ã ã †ã‚ˆå ¤â€°Ã£â€š る㠮よ ç § 㠂゚㠮㠾㠾㠧ç © ºÃ£ ¸Ã© ¢ ¨Ã£ «Ã¤ ¹â€"㠣ã ¦ 㠂゚㠮㠾㠾㠧é £â€ºÃ£ ³Ã¥â€¡ ºÃ£ â€"㠦㠿ã‚‹ã ® ä ºÅ"Ã¥ º ¦Ã£ ¨Ã¦ ¶â„¢Ã£ ¯Ã¦ µ 㠕㠪ã „゠冷ã ÿã Ã¥ ¤ §Ã¥Å" °Ã£â€š'Ã¥Å"… 㠿è ¾ ¼Ã£ ¿ é «ËœÃ£ 舞ã „ä ¸Å¡Ã£ Å"ã‚‹æ€ ã „æ ã „ã ¦ èš ±Ã¥' ²Ã£ æ ° ·Ã£ ®Ã§ µ æ™ ¶Ã£ ®Ã£â€šË†Ã£ †ã « è ¼ 㠄㠦ã „ã ÿã „。もã †æ ± ºÃ£â€š ã ÿã ® ã ã‚Å"㠧ã „㠄㠮è‡ ªÃ¥Ë†â€ ã‚'Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã£ 㠫㠪㠣ã ¦ ã ã‚Å"㠧ã „㠄㠮è‡ ªÃ¥Ë†â€ ä ¿ ¡Ã£ ˜ã ¦ å… ‰ã€ æ µ'㠳㠪ã Å"らã ‚ã‚‹ã ã ã ã †å °'ã â€"ã‚‚å ¯'ã 㠪ã „ Jargon arinomama 㠂゚㠮㠾ã ¾ - unvarnished, undisguisedfurihajimeru é™ ã‚šå §â€¹Ã£â€š ã‚‹ - to begin fallingyuki é› ª - snowashiato è ¶ ³Ã¨ · ¡ - footprintkesu æ ¶Ë†Ã£ â„¢ - to erasemasshiro çÅ"ÿ㠣ç™ ½ - unadulterated whitesekai ä ¸â€"ç•Å" - worldhitori 㠲㠨ã‚š - alonewatashi ç § - Ikaze é ¢ ¨ - windkokoro Ã¥ ¿Æ' - heartsasayku ã •ã •ã‚„ã - to whisperkonomama ã 㠮㠾ã ¾-as they aredame ã ã‚ - no goodtomadou æˆ ¸Ã¦Æ''ã †- to be at a losskizutsuku å‚ ·Ã£ ¤Ã£ - to hurtdarenimo è ª °Ã£ «Ã£â€šâ€š - nobodyuchiakeru æ‰ã ¡Ã¦ËœÅ¾Ã£ 'ã‚‹ - to admit; to confidenayamu æ‚ ©Ã£â€šâ‚¬ - to be stressed; to be distressedyameru ã‚„ã‚ ã‚‹ - to stopsugata Ã¥ § ¿ - appearancemiseru è ¦â€¹Ã£ ›ã‚‹ - to showjibun è‡ ªÃ¥Ë†â€ - oneselfnanimo ä ½â€¢Ã£â€šâ€š - nothingkowakunai æ€â€"ã 㠪ã „ - not to scarefuku Ã¥ ¹Ã£ - to blowuso Ã¥ ˜˜ - liejiyuu è‡ ªÃ§ ±-freedomnandemo 㠪ã‚㠧ã‚‚ - anythingdekiru 㠧ã ã‚‹ - canyareru ã‚„ã‚Å"ã‚‹ - to be capable totamesu è © ¦Ã£ â„¢ - to trykawaru Ã¥ ¤â€°Ã£â€š ã‚‹ - to changesora ç © º - skynoru ä ¹â€"ã‚‹ - to carrytobidasu é £â€ºÃ£ ³Ã¥â€¡ ºÃ£ â„¢ - to spring outnidoto ä ºÅ"Ã¥ º ¦Ã£ ¨ - never againnamida æ ¶â„¢ - tearnagasu æ µ ã â„¢ - to shedtsumetaku 冷ã ÿã - colddaichi Ã¥ °Ã¥Å" ° - plateautsutsumu Ã¥Å"… ã‚€ - to wraptakaku é «ËœÃ£ - highmaiagaru 舞ã „ä ¸Å¡Ã£ Å"ã‚‹ - to soaromoi æ€ ã „-thoughtegaku æ ã - to picture to oneselfhana èš ± - flowersaku Ã¥' ²Ã£ - to bloomkoori æ ° · - icekesshou ç µ æ™ ¶ - crystalkagayaku è ¼ ã - to shinekimeru æ ± ºÃ£â€š ã‚‹ - to decidesuki Ã¥ ¥ ½Ã£ - to likeshinjiru ä ¿ ¡Ã£ ˜ã‚‹ - to believehikari å… ‰ - lightabiru æ µ'㠳ã‚‹ - to baskaruku æ ©Ã£ - to walksamuk unai Ã¥ ¯'ã 㠪ã „ - not coldâ Syntax (1) Prefix mama Mama çÅ"ÿ is a prefix to underscore the thing that comes after mama. makk çÅ"ÿ㠣è µ ¤ - splendid redmasshiro çÅ"ÿ㠣ç™ ½ - unadulterated whitemanatsu çÅ"ÿå ¤ - the center of summermassaki çÅ"ÿ㠣å… ˆ - at the very firstmassao çÅ"ÿ㠣é ' - profound bluemakkuro çÅ"ÿ㠣é »' - dark as inkmakkura çÅ"ÿ㠣æšâ€" - contribute darkmapputatsu çÅ"ÿ㠣ä ºÅ"ã ¤ - right two (2) Adjectives Kowai (frightened) and samui (cold) are descriptors. There are two kinds of modifiers in Japanese: I-descriptive words and na-descriptors. I-descriptors all end in ~ I, however they never end in ~ ei (for example kirei isn't an I-descriptive word.) Kowakunai and samukunai are negative type of kowai and samui. Snap this connect to get familiar with Japanese descriptive words. (3) Personal Pronouns â€Å"Watashi†is formal and the most normally utilized pronoun. Japanese pronoun utilization is very not the same as that of English. There are an assortment of pronouns utilized in Japanese relying upon the sex of the speaker or the style of discourse. Figuring out how to utilize Japanese individual pronouns is significant, yet progressively significant is to see how not to utilize them. At the point when the importance can be comprehended from the specific circumstance, the Japanese favor not to utilize individual pronouns. Snap this connect to become familiar with individual pronouns.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Same sex schools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Same sex schools - Essay Example Albeit same-sex schools have the bit of leeway over co-ed schools regarding scholarly greatness. Its disservices exceed those points of interest. For instance in female same-sex schools, females wear not need to battle with their sexual orientation characters and along these lines can focus on their tutoring. Young ladies no longer need to ask; is my hair alright How does my cosmetics look Am I going to appear as though a nerd on the off chance that I answer another inquiry Do I need to play sports to intrigue the young ladies (Fidelman) interestingly, youths in co-ed schools are constantly overwhelmed with these issues at the forefront of their thoughts as opposed to focusing on their scholastic exercises which ought to be the most basic assignment (Fidelman). Nonetheless, the inconveniences of same-sex schools are undeniably more bounty than its favorable circumstances. Schools ought to be a preparation ground to empower the understudies to be prepared for this present reality. In reality, not just female overwhelm the world. In same-sex schools, accentuation is for the most part on female good example. The understudies' good examples for best instructors are female, their good examples for best competitors are female and the rundown goes on. Besides, single sex instruction is conflicting with the objectives of this present country's government funded educational system to build up an informed populace ready to rise above hindrances of race and sex in the public arena (Single sex training is an impulsive arrangement).
Friday, July 17, 2020
Free Press Release Templates for Events, Product Launches, Book Releases and More
Free Press Release Templates for Events, Product Launches, Book Releases and More With current consumer trends leaning toward online news, press releases are more important than ever for attracting positive media attention and, in the process, new clients. To help you make sure your event, new product launch, album or book release reaches the right audiences, weve put together several press release templates based on these purposes to guide you as you write.The point of a press release is to give the media all of the pertinent details it needs to advertise for you across publishing channels. If you want to make this process as smooth as possible, you do it by ensuring that the editor or writer has the basic who, what, when, where, and why responses needed to publish the right information.The point of a press release is to give the media all of the pertinent details it needs to advertise for you across publishing channels. If you want to make this process as smooth as possible, you do it by ensuring that the editor or writer has the basic who, what, when, where, an d why responses needed to publish the right information.First, look for editorial guidelinesPublications, whether online or print, tend to know their core audiences and what these audiences want. Publications also have tight deadlines, especially for-print outlets who have to meet printing and distribution schedules by specific dates. To make the process easier, they tend to set specific guidelines for what they expect to be included in press releases, so if youre submitting a press release to a specific outletâ€"go to their website and look at the submission guidelines they have posted there.Next, select a press release template that fits your purposeIf youre writing a standard press release for a company newsletter or press release distribution service, like PR Newswire, check out this post on a foolproof way to write a press release (with samples) for more general guidelines on formatting and writing one.For more specific press releases, these templates should give you a good sta rting point. Feel free to add additional quotes, if relevant, and be sure to include information about whos providing the quotes and why theyre experts on the topic.Event press release templateMedia ReleaseHeadline: [Business or Organization name] Hosts/Presents [event name]Sub-header: [Optional sub-header that builds on the headline][City, State]â€"On [Date], [company/individual] will host/present [name of event], taking place at [location of event]. This event will feature [performers, speakers, special guests, bands, contests, silent auctions, etc.][Company/individual] is proud to bring [name of event] to [location of event] for [the first time, the tenth year in a row, etc.]. There will be [further details about what will happen at the event, food vendors, etc.] and it is [open to the public].Tickets can be purchased by [website or box office issuing tickets] and are available for [price of tickets for VIP, general admission, etc.] For more information about the event, contact [ contact information]. [Quote from a performer, guest, previous attendees, critics, etc.][The final paragraph should be about the company/individual, event and/or any prominent performers and/or guests].[If you have a video, photo, or graphic advertising the event, you can attach it here on the press release]Contact: [Contact name][Contact address][Contact city, state, zip code][Contact phone number][Contact email address]New product press release templateMedia ReleaseHeadline: [Business or Organization name] Announces the Release of [Product name]Sub-header: [Optional sub-header that builds on the headline][City, State]â€"[Company/Corporation] is excited to announce the launch of [product], a [description of product] that will [what will this product do?]. The official launch date for [name of product] is [date the product will launch or be available for purchase].[Quote from designer, developer, etc. about the usefulness of the product, who it will appeal to, or any marketing blur bs pre-written about the products purpose and potential market. If your product replaces a competitors similar product at a lower price, this is a good place to mention that, as well. You can also discuss earlier versions of it that have been enhanced or changed to add to its marketability.][This paragraph should include additional details about the product launch event, if there is one, or details about when and where consumers can purchase the product or try it out at a showcase/ free testing event/formal launch ceremony.][The final paragraph should be about your company and any prominent people who were involved in this product launch].Contact: [Contact name][Contact address][Contact city, state, zip code][Contact phone number][Contact email address]New album press release templateMedia ReleaseHeadline: [Business or Organization name] Hosts/Presents [Event name]Sub-header: [Optional sub-header that builds on the headline][City, State]â€"{Record company and/or Artist} announces th e [latest, debut, etc.] album from [artist], [title of album], available everywhere on [date of official release]. [Album title] is [description of the album, including genre, reviewer quotes, and information about any party or event associated with the albums release].[Quotes from the artist, label representative and/or any music critics who received early copies of the album]. [If there are singles that have been released prior, mention those, as well as their reception, such as download/streaming statistics or comments left by YouTube audiences or influencers who have seen the videos for the singles and posted about it online.][The final paragraph should contain more details about the artist and/or label, including artists relationship with label and how long they have been working together].[If you are submitting a hard copy of your press release, consider uploading media-ready image files to a cloud server and include the address where these can be found. Alternatively, you can include an email address or contact information for who to contact for a high-resolution image file of the albums cover and/or the bands still or concert photography to be included in articles, calendars or social media shares.]Contact: [Contact name][Contact address][Contact city, state, zip code][Contact phone number][Contact email address]New book press release templateMedia ReleaseHeadline: [Publishing companys name] to Release [Book title] By [Authors name]Sub-header: [Optional sub-header that builds on the headline][Publishing company or promo company] is excited to announce the release of [name of book] by [authors name]. [Novels name] is the [debut title, first installment, final installment…of the [series name].[This paragraph could include any of the following, for example: An anecdote about the author, a review or quote from another author in the genre, why the author chose this topic or genre, any awards that the book might have already received, information about pro motional efforts or events that are planned for a later date, or any endorsement the book has received from a celebrity or influencer.][If there is a particular audience this book will appeal to, mention it here, including any buzz words that might attract attention.][This paragraph should contain information about where the book can be purchased, both online and in stores, if applicable. All writing should be in third-person point-of-view.][The final paragraph should contain additional information about the author, including other books that he or she may have published. If previous books have received awards, or you have sales statistics, you can briefly mention those here, as well.][If you have any high-resolution images of the books cover, include that as an attachment if the press release is submitted digitally. If you are submitting a hard copy of your press release, consider uploading media-ready image files to a cloud server and include the address where these can be found. Alternatively, you can include an email address or contact information for who to contact for a high-resolution image file of the books cover and/or the authors headshot to be included in articles, calendars or social media shares.]Contact: [Contact name][Contact address][Contact city, state, zip code][Contact phone number][Contact email address]
Thursday, May 21, 2020
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Corrections Trends - 1053 Words
Corrections Trend Evolution Roshanda Washington CJA/394 July 10, 2013 Tamra Washington Correction Trends Evolution Prisons are at a higher demand in this economy. As our world expands there are more crimes that are on rise and more individuals who are being sloppy and being caught for the crimes that they are committing. With more people being captured that leaves less space to house these criminals. We face more problems now than we did in the earlier years, now individuals are committing crimes just to see if they can get away with it or to try and prove a point to their friends. This paper will touch on some of the issues facing prison and prison administrators and also the roles of the alternate correction system as a†¦show more content†¦Maybe in the years to come there may be fewer prisons with overcrowding issues and less repeat offenders who are being arrested. One of the alternatives to prison is a suspended sentence. A suspended sentence is a penalty that a judge gives a defendant convicted of a crime but is not enforced by the judge if the defendant stays out of trouble for a year. This sentence is not a get out of jail free card because there is a price to pay. When a person agrees to a suspended sentence that person must vow to stay out of trouble pay probation or parole cost, do some sort of community service and visit a probation officer. If the defendant so happens to get him/herself in any trouble while on a suspended sentence his sentence will be revoked in the defendant previous sentence will be enforced. When a person is placed on probation there are strict guidelines that the person must follow if they want to be released. They must report to the officer at a scheduled time, have random house visits from the officer and also take random drug screenings. If a person for any reason fail it obey one of these commands they probation will be revoked and will have to serve the rest of their time in jail. The judge may also require that restitution or probation fees be paid. When ordered to pay restitution the payment must be paid in full or a warrant could be issued forShow MoreRelatedCorrections Trend873 Words  | 4 PagesCorrections Trend Evaluation Bebe Washington CJA/394 February 15, 2012 UOP Corrections Trend Evaluation In this paper the objectives that will be addressed are past, present and future trends of corrections. Also, analyze current and future issues facing prisons and prison administrators as well as the roles and issues of alternate correction systems as a developing trend. In today’s society the jails and prison pretty much function with the same protocol. 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Rehabilitation was once a very hopeful method of reducing recidivism and although it has not been as successful as once thought, evidence does prove that rehabilitation and intervention does help to reduce recidivismRead MoreCorrections: From Rehabilitation to a More Punitive Model Essay1594 Words  | 7 Pagesï » ¿Sameer Noori 24 November 2014 Corrections Paper What changes led corrections away from rehabilitation and toward a more punitive model? Since World War II through the 1970s, many changes occurred in the United States correctional systems. Rehabilitation Model is a treatment program that was designed to reform the inmates. According to www.copower.org, â€Å"This model is similar to the medical model; it regards the person with a disability as in need of services from a rehabilitation professional who
Nursing Image Free Essays
A memorable and attractive nurse image is found in the movie â€Å"The English Patient†in the face of Hana, a young French-Canadian nurse skillfully played by Juliette Binoche. Hana is one of the central images of the plot, appearing in ‘present’ part of the film that intersperses present with reminiscences of the past. She does an exceptional job tending to the ‘English patient’ who is surviving only thanks to her determination, perseverance and commitment. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Image or any similar topic only for you Order Now She both performs her professional duties towards the patient and develops a personal attitude towards the mutilated man left in her care. Hana seems to be in love with her patient who is far from sexually attractive with his maimed body, perhaps as extrapolation of her caring attitude towards him. Hana is put in a difficult situation, tending to the patient all alone at the time of the war. Her experience shows that a nurse’s job can at times be extremely challenging as nurses have to follow their patients through the most difficult of times and deliver care equally in the time of peace and war. Hana’s job involves many things – she delivers professional care to the patient, washing his wounds and giving him morphine, reads aloud to him, but also fixes the villa and does the gardening. Hana is left alone with her patient – there are no other medical professionals in the vicinity, and she is the sole decision-maker in her professional actions, which underscores the importance of her nursing role. Hana is a really likeable character, mainly because of her personal character and her determination to patient care. She is only twenty when the war starts and makes her mature in the shortest possible time. She is so determined to her work that she cuts her hair after three days in the war and pledges to skip looking in the mirror until it ends. This shows how much her nursing means to her as she is ready to get rid of what made her feminine attraction to be able to deliver quality care to her patients. However, Hana is not devoid of natural women’s desires: she gets attracted to men, exemplified in her relations with Kip, who later becomes her lover, and the English patient himself who she admires secretly as a man who suffered his wounds in the cruel and heroic warfare. Hana’s relationship with the English patient is a complex cobweb of professional commitment and the burgeoning love of the young woman for a man she sees as ideal. Hana is young and attractive, and the viewer takes her infatuation with men as a natural order of things, because it does not seem to interfere with her professionalism. Thus, Hana demonstrates the values of service to others and humanism, since she does not limit her care to professional interactions, but is ready to take the patient as a human being. She maintains his belief in the favorable outcome of the treatment and makes him feel that he should make an effort to survive, since it is personally important to her. There is not much in the movie to depict Hana’s understanding of scholarship or achievement, though. Maybe the reason is that Hana just happened to become a nurse because she wanted to make a contribution to her nation in the time of the war and does not see her future as connected with nursing career. Rather, Hana attends to her duties with a Christian attitude that intertwines the requirements of the nursing profession with the religious beliefs. She talks of her patient as a saint and compares his bones to those of Christ. This religious background clearly serves as an important motivator for Hana, inspiring her in her nursing activities. Hana wins recognition with the surrounding people thanks to her role in providing care. Eventually, she succeeds in building a little world around herself that unites the thief Caravaggio, the English patient, the Indian ‘sapper’ Kip, and herself. All these people find consolation in their association with a lovable woman who also has a caring and affectionate character. Hana wins the affection of the viewer, too, by being thoroughly professional and at the same time deeply humane. Bibliography The English Patient. Dir. Anthony Minghella. 1996. How to cite Nursing Image, Essay examples
Saturday, April 25, 2020
Overview of Extract from Simone Weil’s “Waiting on God†Essay Sample free essay sample
Simone Weil was a Gallic philosopher who shed more visible radiation on human labour and school surveies. She spent her life recommending for the hapless and courageously forming and composing on their behalf. In her essay â€Å"Reflections on the right usage of school surveies with a position to the love of God†she discusses the importance of attending and the development it brings to the psyche. She portions certain recommended but possibly unpopular mentalities pupils should hold refering school surveies. One of them is that attending involves more of waiting than seeking ; waiting with a minimum idea of the cognition we have. Another dramatic point she made is that the attempt of attending is neer wasted. It is used in developing one’s psyche. Its utility shows up subsequently in one’s life when we least anticipate. These are two points of hers that I strongly agree with. In order to hold on a disclosure of any sort. We will write a custom essay sample on Overview of Extract from Simone Weil’s â€Å"Waiting on God†Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page the attempt of attending is needed because it either brings disclosure to us. or becomes utile subsequently in future. The attempt of attending requires suspending 1s thought. go forthing it detached. empty and ready to be penetrated. A good illustration is work outing a geometry job. Attention requires concentrating on the â€Å"data of the question†without seeking to happen its solution ; a procedure of merely absorbing the inquiry and its containment and waiting on the truth. This nevertheless requires a great trade of humbleness. Sometimes. we are tempted to believe we â€Å"know it all†. but end up recognizing we know nil at all. I one time had a instructor who would ever state the category to drop everything we think we knew outside. and measure into the category empty. Reading this essay eventually made me recognize why he ever said that. Weil describes attending as â€Å"suspending our idea. go forthing it detached. empty. and ready to be penetrated by the object†. This makes room for incoming disclosure while holding the cognition we have acquired settee at the backgr ound†. She gives a superb description of a adult male on a mountain surrounded by many woods. He is cognizant of these woods but refuses to concentrate his attending on them. Rather. he looks frontward to what is before him. This depicts that we should hold our cognition at a lower base when seeking. One common pattern is utilizing one’s strength to seek fruitlessly. It’s easy to pretermit the reply as it comes due to our huge pursuit for it. Most times when pupils are asked to pay attending. they merely contract their musculuss. This semblance has us bound boulder clay today. I can wholly associate to this musculus contraction she talks approximately. It makes one hold a sense of responsibility done. even when we’ve merely merely scratched the surface. Acquisition of replies or information can be looked upon as a one-way procedure. Hence. it is best to be attentive to the job and let its replies come to you ; non allow the ardor of geting it cover up its simpleness that we dive into it faithlessly. That produces a forgery that would prematurely barricade the tract. Another illustration is in composing a paper. Most times. we merely necessitate to exert religion and let the informati on semen to us before we flood the paper with the random ideas that block the tract of productive thought. There are sometimes nevertheless when these replies do non still come and we end up â€Å"failing†in that peculiar pursuit. Weil tells us it isn’t a bad thing. The attempt of attending used in this exercising is non wasted. This application becomes a accomplishment that develops the human head. It would finally come back later in life as utile in some manner or signifier that we least expect. A perfect illustration used in the essay is that of St John Vianney frequently referred to as Cure d’Ars ; a Gallic parish priest whose failed effort in larning the Latin linguistic communication subsequently made him acknowledge his reding art. He subsequently became popular as a fecund counsellor known by battalions in his community and beyond. Weil therefore advises pupils non merely to take at acquiring good classs. but focus their attending on all of their undertakings. This boils down to the fact that the attempt of attending is neer genuinely otiose. Hence. we should see attending as waiting on incoming disclosure ; an act that non merely develops the psyche. but becomes of great usage later in the hereafter.
Wednesday, March 18, 2020
The development of social theory (Soc 2001) goffman and foucault The WritePass Journal
The development of social theory (Soc 2001) goffman and foucault Introduction The development of social theory (Soc 2001) goffman and foucault Introduction ConclusionRelated Introduction Social theory has developed from a classical approach to a more modern sociological approach, characterised by a rise of functionalism and the introduction of interpretive sociology. Swingewood (2000) states that the heart of sociological thought is.. to redefine concepts and to rediscover them (Swingewood, 2000:9). Both Goffman and Foucault have contributed to the development of social theory and this essay will critically compare their influence in particular focusing on their analysis of institutions, power and their use of research methods. In order to understand how social order was possible, Goffman analysed the ways in which humans are constituted in face-to-face interactions, Foucault examined society through practises and local circumstance, he didnt analyse the subject, but the embodied subject.  Goffman and Foucault are distant in some aspects, for instance in their research methods and approaches on power but are similar in the more important aspects such as t heir analysis of experts and expert judgement within institutions. This essay will also compare the influence of other theorists in the development of their theoretical approaches.  One of the main problems from classical sociology is the inadequate notion of self.  The dominant trend of late nineteenth-century and early twentieth century social theory was towards developing a concept of action.  None of the major sociologists constructed an adequate notion of self. The self was defined anonymously as a disembodied actor assimilating norms and producing meanings in relation to the wider, macrosociological system  (Swingewood, 2000:165). Only Simmels sociology with its basis in sociation and interaction approached an adequate theory of the living, active social subject.  Mead later developed Simmels theory of the self,  he argued Human society as we know it, could not exist without minds and selves (Mead, 1972:227).  He studied the social interaction process and concluded that individuals are constructed over time due to how they interact with others.  He argues, a self only exists, when it interacts with itself and the other selves of the community (Mead, 1934:138).  Blumer (1937) extended many of Meads ideas to refer to action as Mead failed to explain how meanings were actually produced.  Blumer attempted to analyse the situational and contextual basis of action in relation to the development of the self, outlining in Symbolic Interactionism that meaning.. arises through the ways individuals interact with each other as they utilise and interpret the symbolic forms (Blumer 1969).  Goffmans work is sometimes viewed within the context of symbolic interactionism (Baret 1998) due to the fact he focuses on the interaction patterns between individuals and their ability to reflect on their actions and therefore influence the environment.  Goffmans interpretive perspective focuses on the everyday interactions between individuals and the subjective meanings behind these actions  Rawls (1987). believes that Goffmans analysis offers a solution to the agency and structure debate with the idea of an inte raction order which is constitutive of self and at the same time places demands on social structure (Rawls, 1987:136). However, Foucault rejects the search for a true self.  Rather than offering an account of the real self that is being regulated as in Goffmans account of the performing self, Foucault is interested in how we come to think, feel and act as certain kinds of selves and he wishes to examine the effects of this behaviour. A new social theory has emerged since the 1950s which looks at human society as an organised system of relation, governed by laws and is self-regulated.  It defines reality in terms of the relations between elements, not in terms of objectively existing things and social facts.  Foucault examines this concept and takes a stance mid-way between structuralism and post structuralism.  Although he claims, I have never been a structuralist (Swingewood 2000:194).  However he shares the structuralists dismissal of theories based on individual choices and the effects of human action.  Yet his work was primarily about the self.  Foucault was concerned with the status and role of the human subject, the concept of human beings in history and in the human sciences.  Foucault shares with the structuralists a desire to displace the human subject and its consciousness from the centre of theoretical concern. Foucault explores how meanings are temporarily stabilised or regulated into a discourse.  This ordering of meaning is achieved through the operation of power in social practice.  For Foucault discourse unites both language and practice and is effectively a form of power.  Foucault believes discourse gives meaning to material objects and social practises and therefore produces knowledge through language.  Foucault outlines in The Archaeology of Knowledge the relations between knowledge and power, power and knowledge directly imply one another there is no power relation.. without a field of knowledge (Foucault 1979:100).  By outlining this Foucault shows that truth does not exist, outside power. Goffman too was concerned with discourse for instance in 1981 Goffman introduced the concept footing which is a similar concept to an interactive frame which became rather influential in discourse analysis. Goffman was also concerned with concrete conversation; he noted the social exchanges between individuals not only the words but also the tone, body language and accent. Similar to Foucault, Goffman recognised the influence of the structure of the social world in how we interact, however he places greater emphasis on the creative role of the agent in producing and sustaining the norms and values underpinning the social world (Swingewood 2000).  Goffman suggests in The Presentation of Self that when an individual appears before others his actions will influence the definition of the situation which they come to have (Goffman, 1969:5). Goffman developed a notion of the individual as a dramaturgical actor, viewing social life as a dramatic performance.  He suggest ed that individuals spent much of their time framing their true self from the view of other people.  Goffman believes that behaviour may change from place to place, but the ways in which it changes as well as the situations for which it changes, are usually constant (Goffman, 1969:68).  He feels that individuals behaviour may change when the structure of situation changes, due to different rules which govern how they interact with others.  Goffman looks at the rules within institutions, outlined in his work Asylums where he studied the experiences of inmates in a mental institution.  He found that patients view of self was modified by their experience within the institiution  (Goffman, 1969:78).  Similarly Foucault had a concept of rules within a social system, however unlike Goffman he analysed the concept of rules and interactions in terms of a prison institution and how these institutions shape and regulate individual behaviour. (Swingewood 2000)  He fo und that prisons produced distinctive modern forms of identity because individuals came to think of themselves in certain ways due to constant surveillance and monitoring (Foucault 1980:155). These studies aimed to show that even in situations of apparently irrational behaviour there are rules and order. Both Goffman and Foucault questioned the humaneness of therapeutic institutions.  To Goffman, knowledge developed at mental asylums did not serve the interests of patients, instead the institution itself created deviant behaviour in the inmates and then used this to control them  (Goffman 1961:104). He emphasised in Asylums how the organisation structure and dominant ideologies of the mental hospital shaped the self of the mental patient through the mortification process.  He argued that mental patients suffered not from mental illnesss but from contingencies by which term he meant the actions of others (Goffman 1961:135). In Asylums, It is recognised that Goffman uses the word inmates to describe both the staff and patients.  This is a word we use to describe those who have been confined to prison, similar to Foucaults analysis. Goffman suggests that there are basic similarities between many of the social processes which occur in other institutions, so his study was widened to include organisations which share certain characteristics with mental hospitals such as prisons.  He refers to these institutions as Total institutions (Goffman 1961:147). Foucaults study therefore compliments Goffmans, as he analyses interactions within a prison institution and seeks to show how those subject to the unremitting discipline are pressured into conforming to the external demands placed upon them.  Foucault resurrected Jeremy Benthams prison design, the panopticon and described it as a mecahnism that coerces by means of observation. In discipline and punish, he writes one sees everything without ever being seen (Foucault, 1995:202).  He claimed that visibility in the prison constituted people as individuals who came to regulate their own behaviour.  Foucault details how, within the walls of the prison, pervasive and penetrating regimes for monitoring the conduct of inmates aims to induce a form of reflexive self monitoring of conduct. Foucault asserted, he who is subjected to a field of visibility..becomes the principle of his own subjection (Foucault, 1975:223).  Foucaults study is similar to Pat Barkers Regenerati on Trilogy where she describes how prisoners modify their behaviour due to believing they are being observed by an eye in the wall (Carter and Grieco 2000). Prisoners therefore self-disciplined themselves which is similar to what Foucault found. Similarly to Goffmans analysis of mental institutions, Foucault asserted that the prison institution forced individuals identity to change as the inmates thoughts of themselves changed.  Goffman illustrates this through admission procedures to total institutions, this involves the removal of many items from their identity.  Goffman gives examples of admission procedures of prisons.  In Asylums, he writes how clothes are replaced by prison uniforms and appearance is changed by prison haircuts (Goffman, 1961:134).  Goffman argues that changes in these aspects are specifically stating that they are no longer the person they were (Goffman, 1961:135).  Admission procedures and future interaction with total institutions not only tend to change, but also to mortify the self. Goffman writes The inmate is systematically, if often unintentionally mortified for instance, searched and fingerprinted (Goffman 1961:134).  Such experiences tend to break down the inmates forme r self-concept.  The self is then slowly rebuilt, partly by means of rewards and punishments administered by those in authority.  Goffman gives and example of a privilege within a prison, extra hours recreation (Goffman, 1961:135). However for Foucault, the similarity lies in the fact that each of these institutions is a place for experiments in the control of individuals and they may learn from experiments conducted elsewhere and techniques of discipline and surveillance invented elsewhere.  For Foucault the notion of a total institution is too separate from the outside world.  The techniques used in asylums or prisons can be understood only by the linkage of those institutions with practises and discourses external to them and to the history of the borrowing and deployment of disciplinary techniques and techniques of the self (Jordan, 2003:239). Both theorists are interested in the mortification process through social control as well as the stigmatised body selves.  In Stigma Goffman states, Persons with a stigma are considered less than fully human and subject to all manner of discrimination which reduces their life chances (Goffman, 1986:102).  He explained that persons with a particular stigma tended to share similar experiences and chances in conception of self, which he termed the moral career (Goffman, 1986:102).  Stigma is also evident in Foucaults work, due to inmates identity changing through the mortification process which strips inmates of the various supports which helped to maintain their former self-concepts, their identity is also changed through constant surveillance which results in the inmate being their own overseer and exercising this surveillance over and against themselves (Foucault, 1980:155).  Inmates in both institutions are therefore not prepared for life on the outside once theyre released, they have accepted the institutions definition of themselves and are stigmatised, this results in the inmates being treated as outsiders. Foucault offers a history of the present in which power and knowledge intersect and understandings of ourselves are produced.  Power and knowledge operate in mutually generative fashion and are not reducible to each other.  Foucault explained that disciplinary power shaped and trained the body (Foucault, 1975:294).  He gave an example at Mettray Colony for juvenile delinquents where the combination of observation and exercise made training an instrument of perpetual assessment (Foucault, 1975:295). The example of Mettray illustrated Foucaults argument that subjectivity is produced around, on, within the body by the working of a correctional mode of power (Valier, 2002:154).  This conception assumed a symbiotic relationship of power and knowledge which required a direct hold on the body.  However Foucaults studies departed from the perspective of standpoint feminists, who held that power was wielded by a particular group.  Smart pointed out, Foucault demonstrated mor e interest in how the mechanisms of power worked than in who had power (Smart 1989).  Indeed, Foucault stated that the panopticon was a machine that any random individual could operate (Valier, 2002: 155). He argued in Discipline and Punish that power was not a possession or a property but should be understood to be a strategy (Foucault, 1975:296). This is what might be called a shift from a substantive to a relational concept of power.  Instead of focussing on the primary oppression of women or the working class, Foucault thought it important to theorise the ways in which every inhabitant of modern societies was subjected to certain forms of subjection (Valier, 2002:155). Foucault therefore focused on power relations instead of the subjects. Critics of Foucault objected what in his focus on the workings of power there seemed to be no space left for resistance.  However in The Will to Knowledge Foucault clarified his position in stating that resistances were inscribed in power as an irreducible opposite (Foucault 1976:96).  Nevertheless, Lois Mcnay stated that Foucaults emphasis of a corporeally centred disciplinary power produced a conception of subjectivity that was impoverished†(Mcnay, 1994:122). In contrast to this, Goffmans notion of power is more limited, although he was interested in questions of power he tended to approach this topic as a neutral observer rather than a witness. Several critics have faulted Goffman for his failure to articulate the structures of power that determine every experience.  In The Coming Crises Gouldner argues that Goffman pays no attention to power and his microsociology fails to explain how power effects the individuals abilities to present selves effectively (Gouldner, 1974:347). In addition to this May Rogers takes up the critique in Goffman on power, hierarchy and status that Goffmans analysis is poor in understanding power relationships.  Roger argues that power relationships are present, but are treated almost entirely implicitly. Individuals use power to affect the behaviour of other actors in society, by the use of resources (Rogers 1981).  According to Rogers, it appears that for Goffman, Power is a fo rm of combination between people who have minimal stigma against others who are unable to accept the definition of the situation (Rogers, 1959:30). Goffman studies the interactions between individuals through specific microanalysis, following Durkheims social theory, he tries to show how the sort of large scale phenomena Durkheim analysed is produced and reproduced in interpersonal interaction.  Although Goffman provides insights into the working of places where individuals experience problems, it does not reflect the macro-institutional order, for instance Goffman gives little consideration to the inmates experiences in the outside world before they entered the total institution.  The possible significance of this omission can be seen from John Irwins study of prison life in California, Irwin argues that an understanding of particular inmates responses to imprisonment requires a knowledge of their pre-prison experiences. Irwin suggest that this may have important influences on modes of adaption within a total institution (Irwin 1980).  Goffman states in his essay The Interaction Order, that his preferred metho d of study is microanalysis (Goffman 1983:2). Some theorists suggest links between the apparent micro-sociology, ethnomethodology and Goffmans interaction order. Swingewood (2000) argues that ethnomethodology provided an empirical basis for Goffmans interaction order and shares many features in common with his theoretical approach, for instance both emphasise how social order and predictability are skilful accomplishments of the actor involved.  Foucaults theoretical approach can be exemplary for ethnomethodological investigators as it clearly identifies how material architectures, machineries, bodily techniques and disciplinary routines make up coherent phenomenal fields (Lynch, 1997:131).  Foucault who was not a micro-sociologist did however obtain an interest in micro-processes such as the micro physics of power, power exercised in interaction and the resistance to power that also takes place continuously in interactions and micro-environ ments (Garner 2009:147). Swingewood (2000) argues Foucault believed that all totalising theories such as Marxism reduce the autonomy of the micrological elements.  Foucault suggests the term archaeology to describe a method of analysing micro elements and the concept of genealogy to rediscover all micro-logical forces.  Foucault does this as he feels its essential to reactivate local, minor knowledges (Swingewood, 2000:195).  Foucault initiated the concept genealogy in order to investigate the historical events that led people to understand themselves in particular ways.  However, Reminiscent of Goffmans studies its apparent that Goffman included nothing about history in relation to the social practices he described or about the history of the total institution. Nevertheless to understand how such institutions came to exist, one can turn to Foucaults archaeologies and genaelogies.  Although Hacking (2004) found they are not completely accurate historical ana lyses and tend to over-generalise on French examples.  For instance Hacking states, ‘the great mutations of Foucaults first books coincide under different names, with Descartes and the French Revolution, neither of which is noticeably mentioned’ (Hacking, 2004). Goffman and Foucault both contribute to our understanding of how society functions, although writing from a different theoretical perspective they both supplement each other; Goffman analysed the ways in which human roles are constituted in face-to-face interactions within a total institution and how patterns of normality and deviance work on individual agents.  Foucaults archaeologies established the preconditions for and the mutations between successive institutional forms.  Due to their different theoretical approaches, there are some conflicting views, for instance Goffman developed a theory of self that brackets institutions and looks only at social action as strategic conduct.  In contrast to Foucault, Goffman doesnt develop an account of history or structured transformation.  However in contrast to Goffman, Foucault erased the subject and attempts to de-centre the subject, Foucault depicted the subject as essentially passive and unable to act in a way tha t would have an effect on society.  However I believe that both are essential in understanding the making of individuals (Giddens 1979). offers the idea of Foucault and Goffman developing the theory of structuration which suggests that rather than looking at self and society as a dualism, they should look at them as a duality of structure, constantly being stucturated in the interactions between the individual and society (Giddens, 1979:56). Although the theoretical approaches of Goffman and Foucault differ I believe that their approaches on both structure and agency are complementary ways of viewing the social world and if they were brought together, a theory such as Giddens suggested could be produced and work successfully.  Conclusion I feel goffmans approach is bottom up because he starts with individual face-to-face exchanges and develops an account of how such exchanges constitute lives, I feel Foucaults approach is top down because he starts with a mass of sentences at a time, dissociated from the human beings who spoke them and used them as the data upon which to characterise a system that determines discourse and action.
Monday, March 2, 2020
University at Buffalo SUNY UB Admissions Facts
University at Buffalo SUNY UB Admissions Facts The University at Buffalo, part of the State University of New York system, is a comprehensive public research university located in Western New York. The University at Buffalo is the largest of the SUNY schools with ambitious plans for future growth. The school has three campuses totaling over 1,300 acres. Shuttles run frequently between and across campuses. Because of UBs many excellent research centers, it was granted membership in the Association of American Universities. In athletics, the Buffalo Bulls compete in the NCAA Division I Mid-American Conference. Will You Get In? Calculate your chances of getting in with Cappexs this free tool. Admissions Data (2016) SUNY University at Buffalo Acceptance Rate: 59%GPA, SAT and ACT graph for UB Test Scores: 25th / 75th Percentile SAT Critical Reading: 520 / 610SAT Math: 550 / 660ACT Composite: 24 / 29 Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 30,184 (20,412 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 57% Male / 43% Female92% Full-time Costs (2016 - 17) Tuition and Fees: $9,574 (in-state); $26,814 (out-of-state)Books: $1,196 (why so much?)Room and Board: $12,292Other Expenses: $2,481Total Cost: $25,489 (in-state); $42,729 (out-of-state) University at Buffalo Financial Aid (2015 - 16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 77%Percentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 63%Loans: 52%Average Amount of AidGrants: $8,577Loans: $9,259 Academic Programs: Most Popular Majors: Accounting, Biomedical Sciences, Business Administration, Communication Studies, Electrical Engineering, English, History, Humanities, Mechanical Engineering, Nursing, Political Science, Psychology, Social Sciences What major is right for you? Sign up to take the free My Careers and Majors Quiz at Cappex. Transfer, Graduation and Retention Rates: First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 86%Transfer-out Rate: 14%4-Year Graduation Rate: 58%6-Year Graduation Rate: 74% Intercollegiate Athletic Programs: Mens Sports: Football, Basketball, Baseball, Soccer, Swimming, Tennis, Track and Field, Cross Country, WrestlingWomens Sports: Track and Field, Rowing, Softball, Soccer, Cross Country, Swimming, Volleyball, Tennis Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics UB and the Common Application The University at Buffalo uses the Common Application. University of Buffalo Mission Statement: The University at Buffalo is a diverse, inclusive scholarly community dedicated to bringing the benefits of its research, scholarship and creative activity, and educational excellence to global and local communities in ways that impact and positively change the world. We view the three traditional pillars of the public higher education mission- research, education, and service- as interdependent endeavors that continually enrich and inform each other. Groundbreaking research, transformative educational experiences, and deeply engaged service to its communities define the University at Buffalo’s mission as a premier, research-intensive public university.
Friday, February 14, 2020
Genetics and Criminal Behavior Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Genetics and Criminal Behavior - Research Paper Example If for instance a person is proved to be genetically predisposed to criminal behaviour, they can be given intervention therapy to help them not to end up in crime. This would be like knowing that someone is about to get some disease and intervening before they actually get the disease. It would work as a way to immunize the person from criminal behaviour by helping them to be able to recognise their won weaknesses and how to overcome them. The second way in which this kind of approach to criminology can be useful in the prevention of crime is by helping the criminals to be able to pin point criminals long before they commit any crime (Connor, 1995). Not only would it be able to help in preventing crime, it would also be able to help in situations where investigations of already committed crime are being carried out. This would help in identifying suspects in a much easier way and being able to carry out investigations in an effective way. There are various cases where genetics have been seen to be a cause for criminal behaviour. A good example of this is the Jared Lee Loughner case in which Jared Lee Loughner went on a shooting spree where he killed six people and injured numerous others (Denno, 2011). His defence counsel asked that a forensic psychiatrist carry out an assessment of the suspect. William Bernet, a psychiatrist carried out an assessment of the suspect and concluded that he had a rare mental condition, m onoamine oxidase which would predispose him to violent actions. The lawyers were able to prove that the suspect did not carry out the criminal act of his own will but that he was genetically predisposed to do the same. The above case also proves that using behavioural genetics can be useful in the justice system in making sure that justice is served in the best way possible. Failing to do so will mean that the people will not be able to get full
Saturday, February 1, 2020
The effects of retail channel integration through the use of Essay
The effects of retail channel integration through the use of information technologies on Firm performance - Essay Example The article â€Å"The effects of retail channel integration through the use of information technologies on Firm performance†gives a vivid insight into the strategy that can be employed to integrate activities across multiple channels. This resolution lies in the use of information technology, a solution that offers a promising opportunity for most of the retail firms. This is because it is directed towards the enhancement of the relationship that exists between them and their customers. This is, in addition to improving the performance, of the firm in virtually all sectors. This can be tied to the fact that the goal of most firms is to improve people’s lives through their services and products. This is, in addition to, making profits that can enable them stay in the market for a long time. Throughout the article, the authors have focused on the constructive effects of information technology just to encourage those who are not into it to try out. They base this on the f act that by integrating both traditional and contemporary Channels within the retail industries efficiency and integration is improved. These effects, in one way or another, function to the act of the firm as well as customers who are among the key stake holders in any given firm. Another fact is that environment has a role to play because its dynamism is a sure moderating factor of the effects brought about by competence and modernization. All these attributes are aimed at inciting firms to employ this technique in both the retail and service sectors especially to those firms that have both physical and online operation. (Khosrowpou, 2006). Critique of article In the modern world of business, there has been increased shift towards the creation of positive environment that enhances productivity and efficiency. Thus, why many firms resolve to employ CRM software to provide a dependable platform for both customers and firms. This, in part, corresponds to the message in the article dis cussed. However, even though there is the persistence of adoption of technology, it should be noted that it is not for all companies to use it for some use â€Å"excel and outlook†in a stationary surroundings to uphold their information. In such a company, high technology such as use of CRM software is undoubtedly inappropriate. Therefore, the article has not emphasized on what companies are eligible to this high technology, for this is most prominent in growing businesses who are obliged to manage customer’s information with reliable software especially in the constantly changing business environment (Sambumurthy, 2003). However, the article has a valuable message concerning the ways in which businesses can manage change. This is because the modern day organizations have become complex, uncertain and more unpredictable, and, therefore, invention of ways of overcoming these challenges. Therefore, the advent of globalization demands that companies keep themselves up-to -date either through the latest technology or management fad (Lin-Bin et al, 2010). This vertical integration has numerous effects on the factors that lead to firm’s performance such as increasing firm size and reducing uncertainty. However, it has also its own
Friday, January 24, 2020
Good Wives, Nasty Wenches, and Anxious Patriarchs: Gender, Race, and P
Gender, Race, and Power in Colonial Virginia In Colonial Virginia in 1661, Rebecca Nobles was sentenced to ten lashes for bearing an illegitimate child. Had she been an indentured servant she would also have been ordered to serve her master an additional two years to repay his losses incurred during her pregnancy. After 1662, had she been an enslaved African woman she would not have been prosecuted, because in that year the Colonial government declared children born to slave women the property of their mother's master. A child born to a slave brought increased wealth, whereas the child of an indentured servant brought increased financial responsibility. This evolving legislation in Colonial Virginia reflected elite planter interests in controlling women's sexuality for economic gain. Race is also defined and manipulated to reinforce the authority and economic power of elite white men who enacted colonial legislation. As historian Kathleen M. Brown demonstrates in her book Good Wives, Nasty Wenches and Anxious Patriarchs, the concepts of gender and race intersect as colonial Virginians consolidated power and defined their society. Indeed, gender and race were integral to that goal. In particular, planter manipulations of social categories had a profound effect on the economic and political climate in Colonial Virginia. First, I want to establish that English settlers did not bring a concrete ideology of race to their new colony. As Brown explains, while English traders had contact with other peoples in Ireland and on the West African coast, the everyday English concept of race was very much abstract in the early seventeenth century. That is not to say that the English did not justify their domination of other peo... ...usion that race is deployed "in the construction of power relations."* Indeed a "metalanguage" of race, to use Higginbotham's term, was employed by colonial powers to define black women as separate from English women, and that process is deconstructed in Good Wives, Nasty Wenches, Anxious Patriarchs. However, Brown's analysis rests mainly on the shifting English concepts of gender and race imposed on colonial society by the white elite, becoming at times a metalanguage of colonial gender. Nonetheless, Brown's analysis of overlapping social constructions is instructive for understanding the ways gender and race can be manipulated to buttress dominant hierarchies. Works Cited: *Evelyn Brooks Higginbotham. "African American Women's History and the Metalanguage of Race" in Feminism and History, ed. Joan Wallach Scott (NY: Oxford University Press, 1996), 201.
Thursday, January 16, 2020
Air Act
AIR ACT 1981 With the increasing industrialization and the tendency of the majority of industries to congregate in area which are already heavily industrialized, the problem of air pollution has begun to be felt in the country. The problem is more acute in those heavily industrialised areas which are also densely populated. Short-term studies conducted by the National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, have confirmed that the cities of Calcutta, Bombay, Delhi, etc. re facing the impact of air pollution on a steadily increasing level. 2. The presence in air, beyond certain limits, of various pollutants discharged through industrial emission and from certain human activities connected with traffic, heating, use of domestic fuel, refuse, incinerations, etc, has a detrimental effect on the health of the people as also on animal life, vegetation and property. 3.In the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in June, 1972 in which India parti cipated, decisions were taken to take appropriate steps for the preservation of the natural resources of the earth which, among other things, include the preservation of the quality of air and control of air pollution. The government has decided to implement these decisions of the said Conference in so far as they relate to the preservation of the quality of air and control of air pollution. 4. It is felt that there should be an integrated approach for tackling the environmental problems relating to pollution.It is, therefore, proposed that the Central Board for the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution constituted under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, will also perform the functions of the Central Board for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution and of a State Board for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in the Union Territories. It is also proposed that the State Boards constituted under that Act, separate State Boards for the Preservat ion and Control of Air Pollution are proposed to be constituted. The Air Act is implemented by the Central and State Governments and the Central and State Boards. Air Act AIR ACT 1981 With the increasing industrialization and the tendency of the majority of industries to congregate in area which are already heavily industrialized, the problem of air pollution has begun to be felt in the country. The problem is more acute in those heavily industrialised areas which are also densely populated. Short-term studies conducted by the National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, have confirmed that the cities of Calcutta, Bombay, Delhi, etc. re facing the impact of air pollution on a steadily increasing level. 2. The presence in air, beyond certain limits, of various pollutants discharged through industrial emission and from certain human activities connected with traffic, heating, use of domestic fuel, refuse, incinerations, etc, has a detrimental effect on the health of the people as also on animal life, vegetation and property. 3.In the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm in June, 1972 in which India parti cipated, decisions were taken to take appropriate steps for the preservation of the natural resources of the earth which, among other things, include the preservation of the quality of air and control of air pollution. The government has decided to implement these decisions of the said Conference in so far as they relate to the preservation of the quality of air and control of air pollution. 4. It is felt that there should be an integrated approach for tackling the environmental problems relating to pollution.It is, therefore, proposed that the Central Board for the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution constituted under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, will also perform the functions of the Central Board for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution and of a State Board for the Prevention and Control of Air Pollution in the Union Territories. It is also proposed that the State Boards constituted under that Act, separate State Boards for the Preservat ion and Control of Air Pollution are proposed to be constituted. The Air Act is implemented by the Central and State Governments and the Central and State Boards.
Wednesday, January 8, 2020
Domestic Violence Is A Violation Of Human Rights - 1609 Words
Domestic violence or family violence is defined as the behaviour that occurs in a familial relationship that is violent, threatening, controlling, or causes a victim to live in fear. (The Commonwealth Family Law Act 1975 provides a similar definition). As well as being a complex social problem domestic violence is a crime. Victims are most often women, and whilst men can also fall victim, they are most often the perpetrators. Ultimately domestic violence is a violation of human rights, denying victims the right to live free from fear of violence. Describe the workings of the justice system relevant to your chosen issue and how they have acted to assist/impede the achievement of justice The NSW legal system responds to domestic violence in two ways - it aims to prevent any future violence by issuing Apprehended Domestic Violence Orders (ADVO’s), and it also responds to crimes already committed. The legal process for determining ADVO’s takes place in the local court. 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